Clinical Studies & References
1. Vascular aging-driven erectile dysfunction: pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging therapies - Transl Androl Urol 2025 Dec 26 - Ke Zhong, Huifang Hu, Liang Xiao, Gang Fan - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12779443/
2. The Role of Nitric Oxide in Erectile Dysfunction: Implications for Medical Therapy - J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2007 May 22 - Arthur L Burnett - https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8109295/
3. Vacuum constriction device for management of erectile impotence - J Urol 1989 Feb - R Witherington - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2913353/
4. The Resurgence of the Vacuum Erection Device (VED) for Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction - The Journal of Sexual Medicine April 2013 - Daniel Brison, Allen Seftel, Hossein Sadeghi-Nejad MD - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1743609515303271
5. Vacuum therapy in erectile dysfunction: science and clinical evidence - International Journal of Impotence Research volume 22, pages 211–219 (2010) - J Yuan, A N Hoang, C A Romero - https://www.nature.com/articles/ijir20104
6. Efficacy of vacuum erectile device in refractory erectile dysfunction - Int J Impot Res 2026 Feb - Fuxun Zhang, Zhirong Luo, Qi Xue - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40542251/
7. Vacuum erection devices in the management erectile dysfunction: A systematic review - Cyrille Guillot-Tantay, Antoine Faix, Diana Kassab - The French Journal of Urology Volume 36, Issues 6–7, August 2026 - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2950393026000653